In 1992, the Peruvian Ministry of Fisheries declared five nautical miles from shore reserved exclusively for artisanal fisheries, banning all purse seine boats and industrial trawlers (except those for shrimp) from the coastal area. However, with zero enforcement and further advances in technology, the industrial fleets exploit more and more fish stocks that are legal claimed for artisanal fishers. The Tropical Pacific Sea supports 70 percent of Peru's marine biodiversity and supplies the majority of domestic seafood markets. However, the ecological sustainability of the region and the human security of fish-dependent communities jeopardized by overexploitation, illicit maritime extraction, oil development, political marginalization, and now, piracy.